Learning method

I/- Learning languages method
-Học ngoại ngữ gần giống như trẻ em học nói : học ngoại ngữ phải bắt chước là chính -Muốn hoc ngoại ngữ có hiệu quả,phải tạo được vùng ngoại ngữ trong vỏ não : Lúc học,chỉ được nghĩ và nói bằng ngoại ngữ để chủ động ức chế trung khu tiếng mẹ đẻ. Phải lặp đi lặp lại nhiều lần trong một thời gian nhất định. Khi nói phải suy nghĩ bằng ngoại ngữ,nhất thiết không được nghĩ tiếng mẹ để rồi dịch ra ngoại ngữ trong óc Cùng lúc mắt nhìn,miệng nói,tai nghe,tay viết ra câu từ đang học Khi học lúc đầu phải đọc to và rõ như cuốc kêu nhưng chậm rãi,sau đó phải đọc nhỏ dần và nhanh dần rồi đến cực nhanh,rồi đến mức độ chỉ đọc trong óc mà thôi Bạn hãy tập nói một mình,tưởng tượng trong một văn cảnh nào đó,hay đang ngồi nói chuyện với ai về một đề tài nào đó. Bạn cũng nên thường xuyên tập suy nghĩ trong đầu bằng ngoại ngữ về những sự việc mà bạn định nói đến - Phương pháp rèn luyện kỹ năng suy nghĩ bằng ngoại ngữ Suy nghĩ bằng ngoại ngữ là năng lực hình dung được ngoại ngữ đó trong đầu mà không phải trải qua giai đoạn dịch sang tiếng mẹ đẻ. + Khi học các từ cố gắng liên tưởng ,gắn chữ viết,âm thanh của từ với hình dáng của vật,khái niệm ,liên tưởng câu với văn cảnh + Hãy chấp nhận cách diễn đạt của người bản ngữ + Một hành động lời nói được lặp đi lặp lại nhiều lần dễ khắc sâu và hình thành phản xạ có điều kiện + Tốc độ nhanh để người đọc không có thời gian dịch ra tiếng mẹ đẻ.

II/- Language Learning Success
1. Set realistic expectationsIt is natural to feel uncomfortable in a language class. You're used to being in classes where the mode of communication -- the language of instruction -- is a given.In a language course, however, it is the mode of communication itself that is the focus of instruction. Not understanding and making mistakes -- things that are negative learning indicators in other courses -- are a very natural part of the language learning process. Accept the fact that you will not understand everything. In fact, at the very beginning, you will not understand much at all.
2. Break study time into smaller chunksTry to study each day, and whenever possible, several times a day. In addition, there are many otherwise mentally "idle" moments during the day when you can work in some studying. For example, you can review vocabulary while eating breakfast, recite the alphabet while showering, count your steps as you walk between classes, name as many object as you can in the target language on your to way school, take your vocabulary flash cards with you on a road trip. There are many moments during the day when you can squeeze in a few minutes of practice time. Through the repetition of material, it will be come increasingly familiar, until it eventually becomes an automatic part of your language repertoire.
3. Learn vocabulary effectivelyVocabulary is the most essential element of communication. The absolute best way to learn vocabulary is through the use of flash cards that you make yourself. Write a vocabulary word on the front and its English definition on the back. As you learn more information about each word (e.g. plural forms of nouns, principle parts of verbs), you can add these to the cards. When studying, organize words in meaningful groups. Use the cards in both directions: first look at the foreign language words and try to recall the English definition. Then shuffle and look at the English definitions and attempt to remember the foreign language words. Flash cards offer many possibilities

III/- Learning vocabulary
Associate the familiar with the unfamiliarTry to find word or phrases in your L1 which sound like and if possible have a similar meaning to words in your L2. Build mental images or draw pictures based on the connections. For example, the Spanish for "ice" is hielo (m), which sounds like yellow. To remember this word imagine yellow ice. This is an enjoyable method because many of the associations you think up will be silly, absurd or bizarre.GendersTo remember genders try picturing a Spanish-speaking region, divide it into two and place masculine nouns on one side and feminine words on the other. In the case of ice imagine the masculine half covered in yellow ice.If your L2 has many genders, imagine a large building with many floors, assign a different gender to each floor and place words on the appropriate floor according to their gender.Avoiding language mix upsAssociating words from each language you learn with places where they are spoken will help you to avoid getting your languages mixed up. For example, if you're learning French and Spanish, imagine a map of Europe and place the French words in France and the Spanish words in Spain. Alternatively you could imagine a map of North America and place the Spanish words in Mexico and the French words in Quebec.Testing and revisionTo ensure the words stick in your memory, test yourself on them at regular intervals. If you learn some new words in the morning for example, check that you can still remember them later that day, the next day, a week later and a month later. If you find some words hard to recall, try thinking up different associations for them. You may need to try several different associations before you find one that works.Learn related words & phrasesWhen learning the word for hand, for example, try to learn related words, such as parts of the hand; actions of the hand; other parts of the body, and things you might wear on your hands. Also try to learn words with the same root and phrases which include the word hand. As you learn more words you will start to spot connections between words. The more words you learn the easier you will find it to guess the meanings of new words.Learn words in contextLearning long lists of unrelated words is boring, difficult and doesn't help you much when you come across those words in a different context. If you focus on learning words in the context you're most likely to find them, you're more likely to recognise them when you encounter them or need to use them again.When learning food words, for example, think about when you'd be most likely to use them, i.e. when cooking, eating, shopping, etc, and learn other words related to those situations. Then try constructing sentences using the new words. Good dictionaries contain examples of usage which you can use as models for your own sentences. As your knowledge of your L2 improves, using a monolingual dictionary is a good idea. This helps you to understand words through their meaning rather than relying on translations into your L1.Practice reading as much as possibleA great way to build up you vocabulary is to have a go at reading books, magazines, newspapers or comics written in your L2. Ideally look for reading material covering topics you find interesting. When reading, try to guess the meanings of any words you don't know and then check them in a dictionary to see if your guesses were correct

IV/- Memorizing Vocabulary
What is the best way to learn vocabulary words and definitions?Vocabulary words and definitions is to bring the unfamiliar word to the definition; lock the two together. So you're learning the word 'assuage'. Assuage sounds like a massage. And see a big 'm' in front of the 'a' and that gives you massage. Assuage. Massage. Which means to take away pain; to soothe; to calm.You see a word like 'slake', s-l-a-k-e, and that's a simple word. Lake is within the word slake. Slake means to quench or to satisfy so you want to see people drinking and satisfying down by the slake. Lake. Slake. But when you come with a very abstract word like 'noisome', n-o-i-s-o-m-e, it means a foul smell. You might notice n-o-s-e within the word. We smell through the nose. But a little more dramatic association: you see somebody holding a skunk and he says, "does this annoy some?" Skunk annoys some. Get the picture? Now when you take a word like 'eschew', it means to avoid. So I want you to see this picture: somebody is ducking and avoiding the shoe. Shoe. Avoid. Get the picture? Make it a game of learning and have fun improving your vocabulary.Can notes around the house help me remember vocabulary?You can take a three by five card, put ten words on the card, write the definition on the back of the card that's how you make those associations. Now you have ten words and you have ten cards, that's a hundred words. Now you can put twenty words on that card, and you have ten cards, you now have two hundred words. You carry these little three by five cards, and then review several times a day, or maybe once or twice a day, then spot check it.How quickly will I forget new words?You could be instantly forgetting new words. You can get a new word and all of a sudden think back and it's gone. So keep in mind, using active, positive, fun, creative connections in your mind and using a lot of imagination.What is the best way to remember vocabulary long term?Remembering vocabulary, new words and the definitions, for long term memory, needs some reinforcement. Your motivation has to be you saying, "I want to remember these words." Then you need to start to review 24 hours after you've first made the connections, and spot-check, and it then becomes assimilated in your mind. Then as you use the words, or recognize them in your reading or your vocabulary as you're speaking, you're going to find the reinforced impression, as it becomes part of your thinking mechanism. But keep in mind: review, review, review after you've made the connections. Keep in mind that you want to have fun, and continue to be motivated towards gaining a fantastic vocabulary.How can I remember words in other languages?As an example for remembering words in another language, let's look at studying. However, you can use your imagination and think of a can of tar, singing: can, tar, singing. You took the abstractness out of the word, and you've made it into a picture. Ok? Get the picture. Remembering words in another language is all about getting images, and having fun learning. How can I remember abstract phrases?Abstract Phrases or information like the student remembering the names of the twelve cranial nerves. They are numbered. So, the first one is Olfactory. So were going to put a number to the olfactory. I want you to see a huge old factory broken down with a big number one hanging from the door swinging back and fourth. Ok? Two is optic. That logical. Two eyes right? But when you come too number ten which is Vagus, the Vagus nerve, you think of, "I won ten thousand dollars in Vegas". Ten Vagus. But nine is the glossopharyngeal. When you think of the glossopharyngeal, glossopharyngeal number nine. Think of a nine ounce glass with fringe hanging from it and it's filled with ale. When you put that together, Glass, fringe and ale, you get the ninth cranial nerve which is gloss-o-pharyngeal, abstract to concrete, something known.