Marketing process

Macdonald (1995) suggests that several stages have to be completed in order to arrive at a strategic marketing plan. These are summarised in the diagram below:
The extent to which each part of the above process needs to be carried out depends on the size and complexity of the business.
In an un diversified business, where senior management have a strong knowledge and detailed understanding of the overall business, it may not be necessary to formalise the marketing planning process.
By contrast, in a highly diversified business, top level management will not have knowledge and expertise that matches subordinate management. In this situation, it makes sense to put formal marketing planning procedures in place throughout the organisation.

Marketing process

Macdonald (1995) suggests that several stages have to be completed in order to arrive at a strategic marketing plan. These are summarised in the diagram below:
The extent to which each part of the above process needs to be carried out depends on the size and complexity of the business.
In an un diversified business, where senior management have a strong knowledge and detailed understanding of the overall business, it may not be necessary to formalise the marketing planning process.
By contrast, in a highly diversified business, top level management will not have knowledge and expertise that matches subordinate management. In this situation, it makes sense to put formal marketing planning procedures in place throughout the organisation.

Marketing objectives

Objectives set out what the business is trying to achieve.
Objectives can be set at two levels:
(1) Corporate level
These are objectives that concern the business or organisation as a whole
Examples of “corporate objectives might include:
• We aim for a return on investment of at least 15%
• We aim to achieve an operating profit of over £10 million on sales of at least £100 million
• We aim to increase earnings per share by at least 10% every year for the foreseeable future
(2) Functional level
e.g. specific objectives for marketing activities
Examples of functional marketing objectives” might include:
• We aim to build customer database of at least 250,000 households within the next 12 months
• We aim to achieve a market share of 10%
• We aim to achieve 75% customer awareness of our brand in our target markets
Both corporate and functional objectives need to conform to the commonly used SMART criteria.
The SMART criteria (an important concept which you should try to remember and apply in exams) are summarised below:
Specific - the objective should state exactly what is to be achieved.
Measurable - an objective should be capable of measurement – so that it is possible to determine whether (or how far) it has been achieved
Achievable - the objective should be realistic given the circumstances in which it is set and the resources available to the business.
Relevant - objectives should be relevant to the people responsible for achieving themTime Bound - objectives should be set with a time-frame in mind. These deadlines also need to be realistic.